The unincorporated Pennsylvania community of Barnesville is an neighborhood, part roadside village & part hidden connected side streets where there was buildable land along a transportation corridor typical of much of rural Pennsylvania's small communities. Once built to support nearby rust belt industries fashionable in years gone away, the hamlet is centered between the center and eastern thirds of the Southern Anthracite Coal Region. The neighborhood is part of a wide-ranging township and is situated sitting atop a summit and drainage divide flanked by two long climbs that are an traversed by local transport infrastructure, railways with an important switching junction within the village, and Pennsylvania Route 54, which collects towns like beads on a string along a particular combination of connected valleys in the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians. It is assigned as a post office center in Rush and Ryan Townships of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States.